Metrological Support in the field of DC Voltage and EMF Measurements: from Normal Elements to a Quantum Standard
https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-5-45-58
Abstract
The article deals with the issues of metrological support on the example of the highest level of the State Verification Scheme for measuring instruments of direct current voltage and electromotive force. The origin and development of reference measurements of DC voltage and electromotive force in the Russian Empire, the USSR, and modern Russia is briefly reviewed. The results of work on improving the State Primary Standard GET 13 completed in 2022 are presented.
About the Authors
A. S. KatkovRussian Federation
Alexander S. Katkov, Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher
Laboratory of State Standards in the field of Measuring Modes of Electric Circuits
190005
19 Moskovsky ave.
St. Petersburg
V. I. Shevtsov
Russian Federation
Vladimir I. Shevtsov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory
Research Laboratory of State Standards in the field of Measuring Modes of Electric Circuits
190005
19 Moskovsky ave.
St. Petersburg
A. I. Bykov
Russian Federation
Andrey I. Bykov, Researcher
Research Laboratory of State Standards in the field of Measuring Modes of Electric Circuits
190005
19 Moskovsky ave.
St. Petersburg
V. E. Lovtsus
Russian Federation
Viktor E. Lovtsus, Leading Engineer
Research Laboratory of State Standards in the field of Measuring Modes of Electric Circuits
190005
19 Moskovsky ave.
St. Petersburg
M. N. Belikova
Russian Federation
Margarita N. Belikova, Technician
Research Laboratory of State Standards in the field of Measuring Modes of Electric Circuits
190005
19 Moskovsky ave.
St. Petersburg
References
1. Egorov N. G. About the government reconciliation of electrical measuring instruments in the Western European states. Vremennik. 1899;4:81–121. (In Russ.).
2. Ivanov M. V. Normal elements of latimer-clark of the main chamber of weights and measures. Vremennik. 1900;5:36–59. (In Russ.).
3. Egorov N. G. Preliminary work on the preparation of standards of basic electrical units. Vremennik. 1911;10:122–131. (In Russ.).
4. Churaevа E. S. State of the standard of the international volt of the USSR from 1932 to 1937 Research in the field of electrical measurements. Proceedings of VNIIM. 1939;24(40). (In Russ.).
5. Kolosov A. K., Chalov E. A. The State of the State Standard of the USSR Volt. Proceedings of VNIIM. 1960;39(99). (In Russ.).
6. Rozhdestvenskaya T. B., Shirokov K. P. Establishment of a new size of the EMF unit – volt. Measurement techniques. 1970;8. (In Russ.).
7. Goryunov P. N., Shishkin V. M. Electrical, thermal and temporal characteristics of thermally compensated zener diodes type D818. Research in the field of electrical measurements. Proceedings of VNIIM. 1971;115(175). (In Russ.).
8. Galakhova O. P., Rozhdestvenskaya T. B., Shishkin V. M. Ensuring the uniformity of measurements of electrical quantities in the CMEA member countries. Measurement techniques. 1972;5. (In Russ.).
9. Barbarovich V. Yu. Automated working standard of the EMF unit in the range of 1–10 V. Measurement techniques. 1993;8. (In Russ.).
10. Gorbatsevich S. V., Krasnov K. A., Mazurov V. P., Satrapinsky A. F., French E. T., Yashin T. V. Apparatus for monitoring the stability of the EMF of normal elements based on the Josephson effect. Measurement techniques. 1976;4:59–61. (In Russ.).
11. Tarbeev Yu. V., Koltik E. D., Rozhdestvenskaya T. B., Galakhova O. P., Krasnov K. A., Krzymowski V. I. The new state primary standard of the electromotive force unit is the volt. Measurement techniques. 1981;12:3–5. (In Russ.).
12. Aleksandrov V. S., Katkov A. S., Telitchenko G. P. New state primary standard and state verification scheme for measuring instruments for constant electric voltage and electromotive force. Measurement techniques. 2002;3:6–9. (In Russ.).
13. Avrons D., Katkov A., Krzhimovsky V., Reymann D., Witt T. J. Bilateral comparison of 1.018 V standards between the VNIIM and the BIPM: BIPM Rapport BIPM-99/2. France: BIPM Publications; 1999.
14. Katkov A. S., Solve S., Stock M. Bilateral Comparison of 10 V Standards between the VNIIM (Russia) and the BIPM, August to October 2007 (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K11.b): Rapport BIPM-07/07. France: BIPM Publications; 2007. р. 10.
15. Behr R., Katkov A. S. Final Report on the key comparison EUROMET.BIPM.EM.K-10.a. Comparison of Josephson array voltage standards by using a portable Josephson transfer standard. Metrologia. 2005;42(1A):01005. doi: 10.1088/0026–1394/42/1A/01005
16. Solve S., Chayramy R., Stock M., Katkov A. Comparison of the Josephson voltage standards of the VNIIM and the BIPM (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K10.b). Metrologia. 2011;48(1A):01007. doi: 10.1088/0026–1394/48/1A/01007
17. Benz S. P., Burroughs C. J., Dresselhaus P. D., Christina L. A. AC and DC voltages from a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 2001;50(2):181–184. doi: 10.1109/19.918096
18. Katkov A., Shevtsov V., Gubler G. VNIIM 10 V programmable Josephson voltage standard // 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018): Abstract, 08–13 July 2018, Paris, France. IEEE Xplore: 2018. P. 1–2. doi: 10.1109/CPEM.2018.8500892
19. ГОСТ 8.381-2009 Государственная система обеспечения единства измерений. Эталоны. Способы выражения точности = State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Standards. Ways for expressing the accuracy. М.: Стандартинформ; 2012. С. 2022.
20. ГЭТ 13–2023 Государственный первичный эталон единицы электрического напряжения: институт-хранитель ФГУП «ВНИИМ им. Д. И. Менделеева» // Федеральный информационный фонд по обеспечению единства измерений : официальный сайт. URL: https://fgis.gost.ru/fundmetrology/registry/12/items/1408837
21. Об утверждении государственной поверочной схемы для средств измерений постоянного электрического напряжения и электродвижущей силы: Приказ Федерального агентства по техническому регулированию и метрологии от 28 июля 2023 года № 1520 // Электронный фонд правовых и нормативно-технических документов : официальный сайт. 2020. URL: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293719/4293719472.pdf
Review
For citations:
Katkov A.S., Shevtsov V.I., Bykov A.I., Lovtsus V.E., Belikova M.N. Metrological Support in the field of DC Voltage and EMF Measurements: from Normal Elements to a Quantum Standard. Measurement Standards. Reference Materials. 2023;19(5):45-58. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2023-19-5-45-58

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).