Development and Certification of a Reference Material for the Mechanical Properties of 12Cr18Ni10Ti Steel Based on Plasticity Parameters

GOST 1497–2023 «Metals. Methods of tension test» establishes a certified reference material as the reference for evaluating the strength and plasticity parameters of steel’s mechanical properties. However, prior to the development in 2024 of the certified reference material GSO 12792–2024 for mechanical properties of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel, metrological services had no certified reference material for plasticity evaluation. The only available certified reference material for mechanical properties of 20 steel (GSO 11854–2021) before 2024 was certified only for strength characteristics.
The study aims to develop and certify a reference material for the steel mechanical properties, certified for plasticity parameters – percentage elongation after fracture (δ₅) and percentage contraction after fracture (ψ).
The source material for preparation of the reference material is a hot-rolled round bar of circular cross-section according to GOST 2590–2006, made of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel according to GOST 5632–2014. The material homogeneity study was conducted in accordance with GOST 1497–2023, simultaneously with determination of the certified values and the absolute expanded uncertainties of the certified values of the reference material. The measurements were performed at the Ural Branch of the D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) according to the measurement procedure for percentage elongation after fracture during static tension testing of steel samples M.265.002/RA.RU.311866/2024, and the measurement procedure for percentage contraction of the cross-sectional area during static tension testing of steel samples M.265.003/RA.RU.311866/2024. The following measuring instruments were used: the State Standard of the Unit of Force, 1st category, in the range from 2 to 200 kN; the standard of the unit of length, 4th category – video measuring microscope series MBZ, model MBZ-500TT CNC. The homogeneity assessment of the reference material complies with Section 7 of GOST ISO Guide 35–2015.
The article presents a description of the development process of the certified reference material for the mechanical properties of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel (GSO 12792–2024); the application methodology; and a practical example of using the reference material for accuracy control of mechanical property measurement results during static tensile testing of metals.
The certified reference material for the mechanical properties of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel (GSO 12792–2024) is intended for certification and validation of measurement methods for mechanical properties during static tensile testing of metals, control of the accuracy of measurement results for plasticity parameters during static tensile testing of metals, and monitoring tensile testing machines regarding inspection of software according to GOST 1497–2023.

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