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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эталоны. Стандартные  образцы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measurement Standards. Reference Materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-0886</issn><publisher><publisher-name>D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20915/2077-1177-2025-21-4-48-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmjournal-585</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Эталоны</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Standards</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Уравнение измерений Государственного первичного специального эталона единицы объемного расхода природного газа при давлении до 10 МПа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measurement Equation of State Primary Special Measurement Standard for the Unit of Volumetric Natural Gas Flow Rate at Pressure up to 10 MPa</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0927-8776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горчев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorchev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горчев Александр Иванович – канд. техн. наук, заместитель директора филиала по науке</p><p>420088, г. Казань, ул. 2-я Азинская, 7а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr I. Gorchev – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Director of the Branch for Science</p><p>7a 2nd Azinskaya st., Kazan, 420088</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nio13@vniir.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворяшин</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvoriashin</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дворяшин Роман Вячеславович – ведущий инженер</p><p>420088, г. Казань, ул. 2-я Азинская, 7а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman V. Dvoriashin – Leading Engineer</p><p>7a 2nd Azinskaya st., Kazan, 420088</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.v.dvoryashin@vniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нефедов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nefedov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нефедов Алексей Владимирович – ведущий инженер</p><p>420088, г. Казань, ул. 2-я Азинская, 7а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei V. Nefedov – Leading Engineer</p><p>7a 2nd Azinskaya st., Kazan, 420088</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.v.nefedov@vniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1489-7245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлев Анатолий Борисович – канд. техн. наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>420088, г. Казань, ул. 2-я Азинская, 7а</p><p>ResearcherID: P-5723–2015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly B. Yakovlev – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>7a 2nd Azinskaya st., Kazan, 420088</p><p>ResearcherID: P-5723–2015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.b.yakovlev@vniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ВНИИР – филиал ФГУП «ВНИИМ им. Д. И. Менделеева»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">VNIIR – Affiliated Branch of the D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горчев А.И., Дворяшин Р.В., Нефедов А.В., Яковлев А.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горчев А.И., Дворяшин Р.В., Нефедов А.В., Яковлев А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorchev A.I., Dvoriashin R.V., Nefedov A.V., Yakovlev A.B.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/585">https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/585</self-uri><abstract><p>В Российской Федерации создан опытный образец Государственного первичного специального эталона единицы объемного расхода природного газа при давлении до 10 МПа на основе трубопоршневой установки (поршневого прувера) с четырьмя параллельно подключенными цилиндрами, имеющими внутренний диаметр 500 мм. В конструкции эталона реализуется одновременный активный привод четырех поршней в цилиндрах посредством штоков, соединенных с общим штоком гидравлической системы.В ходе описанного в статье исследования составлено уравнение измерений, включающее 23 влияющих параметра. Уравнение определяет величину объемного расхода через калибруемый эталон сравнения в составе Государственного первичного специального эталона с учетом (а) объемного расхода газа, воспроизводимого трубопоршневой установкой; (б) изменения объемного расхода в результате изменения количества газа в присоединенном («мертвом») объеме за время измерений; (в) объемного расхода перетечек газа между камерами цилиндров через уплотнения поршней. На основе уравнения измерений проведена оценка расширенной неопределенности (k = 2) воспроизведения объемного расхода газа и определен процентный вклад отдельных входных параметров в бюджете неопределенности измерений при различных режимах.По результатам проведенных расчетов подтверждены показатели точности измерений Государственного первичного специального эталона, заявленные в техническом задании на его создание.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the Russian Federation, a development type of a state primary special measurement standard for the volumetric flow rate of natural gas at pressures up to 10 MPa has been created on the base of a piston prover with four parallel-connected cylinders with an internal diameter of 500 mm. The design of measurement standard utilizes simultaneous active actuation of the four pistons within the cylinders via piston rods connected to a common hydraulic system piston rod.In paper the measurement equation compiled that includes more than twenty influencing parameters and determines the value of the volumetric flow rate through a calibrated transfer standard as part of the state primary special standard. Equation takes into account the volumetric flow rate of gas reproduced by the piston prover, the change in the volumetric flow rate as a result of the change in the amount of gas in the attached («dead») volume during the measurement time, and the volumetric flow rate of gas leaks between the cylinder chambers through the piston seals.Based on the measurement equation, an assessment of the expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the reproduction of the volumetric gas flow rate carried out and the percentage contribution to this value of individual input parameters under different modes determined.From the results of the calculations, the accuracy measurements indicators of the state primary special standard declared in the technical specifications for its creation confirmed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Государственный первичный специальный эталон</kwd><kwd>объемный расход природного газа</kwd><kwd>трубопоршневая установка</kwd><kwd>уравнение измерений</kwd><kwd>бюджет неопределенности измерений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>state primary special measurement standard</kwd><kwd>volumetric flow rate of natural gas</kwd><kwd>piston prover</kwd><kwd>measurement equation</kwd><kwd>measurement uncertainty budget</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Данное исследование выполнено в рамках государственного контракта № 120–52/2021 от 03.08.2021 на выполнение опытно-конструкторских работ по созданию Государственного первичного специального эталона единицы объемного расхода природного газа при давлении до 10 МПа (шифр «Расход»).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This research was carried out within the framework of state contract № 120–52/2021 dated 03.08.2021 for the implementation of experimental design work on creaton of State primary special measurement standard for the volumetric flow rate of natural gas at pressures up to 10 MPa (code «Flow rate»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горчев А. 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