<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эталоны. Стандартные  образцы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measurement Standards. Reference Materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-0886</issn><publisher><publisher-name>D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20915/2077-1177-2022-18-3-57-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmjournal-370</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В порядке обсуждения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TO BE DISCUSSED</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цифровизация обеспечения метрологической прослеживаемости средств измерений и стандартных образцов через облачные технологии: современное состояние и перспективы развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Digitalization of Ensuring Metrological Traceability of Measuring Instruments and Reference Materials through Cloud-Based Technologies: Current State and Development Prospects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Алексей Анатольевич – канд. техн. наук, начальник отдела метрологического обеспечения и стандартизации; доцент кафедры Нефтегазовое дело, стандартизация и метрология</p><p>644116, г. Омск, ул. 24-я Северная, д. 117-А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Popov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Department of metrological support and standardization; Associate Professor at the Department of Oil and Gas Business, Standardization and Metrology</p><p>117-A 24th Severnaya St., Omsk, 644116</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omskmetr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУ «Омский ЦСМ»; ФГАОУ ВО «Омский государственный технический университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Omsk CSM; Omsk State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попов А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popov A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/370">https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/370</self-uri><abstract><p>Ускоренное внедрение цифровых технологий в экономике и социальной сфере является национальной приоритетной задачей в Российской Федерации. Одним из компонентов данного этапа развития промышленности является создание комплексной облачной платформы для полной автоматизации метрологических центров и реализации стратегии обеспечения единства измерений ≪Метрология 4.0≫. При многочисленных плюсах внедрения цифровых систем и сервисов процесс интеграции цифровых систем в жизнь связан с рядом сложностей, таких как отсутствие единого API протоколов при обмене с базами данных, отсутствие единых стандартизованных справочников и т. д.</p><p>Целью данного исследования является обобщение информации о существующих иностранных и отечественных облачных решениях в области обеспечения единства измерений, выявление их недостатков и формулировка путей решения возникающих проблем с учетом условий современных технологий.</p><p>Основными методами исследования был анализ текущей ситуации в части метрологических цифровых сервисов в РФ, а также Германии, Индии в США и др. стран. Проведено сравнение подходов к построению и перспективам метрологического облака. Описываются проблемы внедрения инновационных технологий.</p><p> В ходе исследования на примере ФГИС ≪АРШИН≫ показано, что данный цифровой сервис, применяемый в РФ, не обладает исчерпывающим функционалом для организации метрологической деятельности предприятий и имеет ограничения, которые не позволяют перейти на новый этап цифровизации. К основным недостаткам ФГИС ≪АРШИН≫ можно отнести недостаточное расширение охвата средств измерений, невозможность автоматической обработки информации о средствах измерений, а также отсутствие инфраструктуры получения непосредственной измерительной информации через облачные технологии.</p><p>Для решения поставленной задачи автором предложена схема улучшения ФГИС ≪АРШИН≫, которая включает: алгоритм создания единого стандарта для формирования систем обработки, хранения и анализа данных средств измерений и стандартных образцов; создание универсальных цифровых справочников, позволяющих описывать средства измерений, в том числе для формирования области аккредитации в конфигураторе Федеральной службы по аккредитации; создание уникального идентификационного номера для средства измерений и стандартного образца; реализацию защищенного механизма однозначной идентификации, верификации и передачи данных о средстве измерений на основе блокчейн-технологий.</p><p> Данная схема может быть интегрирована во ФГИС ≪АРШИН≫ и пройти опытную эксплуатацию без дополнительных финансовых затрат со стороны бюджета РФ. Такой подход постепенного наращивания цифровых возможностейгосударства, а также обеспечение безопасной работы с большими объемами данных дает возможность дальнейшей цифровой трансформации и перспективой развития системы обеспечения единства измерений в РФ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The accelerated implementation of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere is one of the national priorities in the Russian Federation. One of the components of this stage of industrial development is the creation of a comprehensive cloud platform for the complete automation of metrological centers and the implementation of the strategy for ensuring the uniformity of measurements ≪Metrology 4.0≫. Considering the numerous advantages of implementing digital systems and services, the integration of digital systems into life is associated with a number of difficulties, such as the lack of a single API protocol in the exchange of databases, the lack of unified standardized directories, etc.</p><p>The purpose of this study is compilation of information about existing foreign and national cloud-based solutions in the field of ensuring the uniformity of measurements, identification of their shortcomings and finding solutions to emerging problems, taking into account the conditions of modern technologies.</p><p>The main research methods were an analysis of the current situation in terms of metrological digital services in the Russian Federation, as well as in Germany, India in the USA and other countries. A comparison of approaches to the construction and prospects of the metrological cloud is carried out. The problems of introducing innovative technologies are described. The study using the example of FSIS ≪ARSHIN≫ showed that this digital service used in the Russian Federation does not have comprehensive functionality for organizing the metrological activities of enterprises and has limitations that do not allow moving to a new stage of digitalization. The main disadvantages of FSIS ≪ARSHIN≫ include the following: insufficient expansion of the coverage of measuring instruments, the impossibility of automatic processing of information about measuring instruments, as well as the lack of infrastructure for obtaining direct measuring information through cloudbased technologies.</p><p>As part of solving the problem, the author proposed a scheme for improving the FSIS ≪ARSHIN≫ system which includes: an algorithm for creating a uniform standard for the formation of systems for processing, storing and analyzing data of measuring instruments and reference materials; the creation of universal digital directories that allow describing measuring instruments for the formation of the scope of accreditation in the configurator of the Federal Accreditation Service; the creation of a unique identification number for the measuring instrument and reference material; the implementation of a secure mechanism for unique identification, verification and transmission of data on a measuring instrument based on blockchain technologies.</p><p>This scheme can be integrated into the FSIS ≪ARSHIN≫ and undergo trial operation without additional financial costs from the budget of the Russian Federation. This approach of gradually increasing the digital capabilities of the state, as well as ensuring safe work with large amounts of data, makes it possible for further digitalization and the prospect of developing a system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Аршин</kwd><kwd>идентификатор</kwd><kwd>метрология 4.0</kwd><kwd>метрологическое облако</kwd><kwd>цифровая метрология</kwd><kwd>цифровизация</kwd><kwd>УИН СИ</kwd><kwd>средства измерений</kwd><kwd>стандартные образцы</kwd><kwd>облачные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ARSHIN</kwd><kwd>identifier</kwd><kwd>Metrology 4.0</kwd><kwd>metrological cloud</kwd><kwd>digital metrology</kwd><kwd>digitalization</kwd><kwd>UIN MI</kwd><kwd>measuring instruments</kwd><kwd>reference materials</kwd><kwd>cloud-based technologies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Автор выражает благодарность генеральному директору ООО ≪МетролоджиНет≫ Ирине Сергеевне Родионовой за советы и ценные рекомендации. Также автор глубоко признателен руководителю испытательной лаборатории программного обеспечения ФГБУ ≪ВНИИМС≫ к. техн. наук Панькову Андрею Николаевичу за идеи, вдохновение и предоставленные материалы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The author expresses his gratitude to Irina Sergeevna Rodionova, General Director of MetrologyNet LLC, for advice and valuable recommendations. The author also expresses his deep appreciation to Pankov Andrey Nikolaevich, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the software testing laboratory, Federal State Budgetary Institution «VNIIMS», for ideas, inspiration and provided materials.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The European Metrology cloud / F. Thiel [et al.] // 18th International Congress of Metrology. 2017. P. 09001. https://doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201709001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esche M., Toro F. G., Oppermann A., Wetzlich J., Peters D. The European metrology cloud. In: 18th International Congress of Metrology. 2017;:09001. https://doi.org/10.1051/metrology/201709001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Significance and implications of digital transformation in metrology in India / N. Garg [et al.] // Measurement: Sensors. 2021. Vol. 18. P. 100248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garg N., Rab S., Varshney A., Jaiswal S. K., Yadav S. Significance and implications of digital transformation in metrology in India. Measurement: Sensors. 2021;18:100248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100248</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Digital twins and cyber–physical systems toward smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0: Correlation and Comparison / F. Tao [et al.] // Engineering. 2019. Vol. 5, № 4. P. 653–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tao F., Qi Q., Wang L., Nee A. Y.C. Digital twins and cyber–physical systems toward smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0: Correlation and Comparison. Engineering. 2019;5(4): 653–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Groot P. J., Schmidt M. Metrology &amp; Industry 4.0. PhotonicsViews. 2021. Vol. 18. P. 73–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/phvs.202100053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Groot P. J., Schmidt M. Metrology &amp; Industry 4.0. PhotonicsViews. 2021;18:73–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/phvs.202100053</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thiel F. Digital transformation of legal metrology – The European Metrology Cloud // OIML Bulletin. 2018. Vol. LIX. no. 1. P. 10–21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thiel F. Digital transformation of legal metrology – The European Metrology Cloud. OIML Bulletin. 2018; LIX(1):10–21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Всемирный обзор реализации концепции Индустрия 4.0 за 2016 год. М.: PwC, 2016. С. 12. URL: https://решение-верное.рф/sites/default/files/global_industry-2016_rus.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Industry 4.0: Building the digital enterprise: 2016 Global Industry 4.0 Survey. Moscow: PwC; 2016. 12 p. Available from: https://решение-верное.рф/sites/default/files/global_industry-2016_rus.pdf. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jay Lee, Hung-An, Kao ShanhuYang. Service innovation and smart analytics for Industry 4.0 and big data environment // Procedia CIRP. 2014. Vol. 16. P. 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.02.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jay Lee, Hung-An, Kao ShanhuYang. Service innovation and smart analytics for Industry 4.0 and big data environment. Procedia CIRP. 2014;16:3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.02.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sinitsyn A. A. Features of the information-analytical system application for estimation the support areas for creation of the results of the intellectual activity of the research and educational institutions // Biotechnology Research Asia. 2014. Vol. 11 № 3. P. 1807–1813.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sinitsyn A. A. Features of the information-analytical system application for estimation the support areas for creation of the results of the intellectual activity of the research and educational institutions. Biotechnology Research Asia. 2014;11(3):1807–1813.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">9. A digital quality infrastructure for Europe: The European metrology cloud / F. Thiel [et al.] // Fachorgan für Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft, Amts- und Mitteilungsblatt der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin. 2017. Vol. 127, no. 4. P. 83–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thiel F., Esche M., Grasso Toro F., Peters D., Oppermann A., Wetzlich J. [et al.]. A digital quality infrastructure for Europe: The European metrology cloud. Fachorgan für Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft, Amts- und Mitteilungsblatt der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin. 2017;127(4):83–97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stéphane Itasse. USA: Industry 4.0 the American Way https://www.process-worldwide.com/usa-industry-40-the-american-way-a-536602/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stéphane Itasse. USA: Industry 4.0 the American way https://www.process-worldwide.com/usa-industry-40-the-american-way-a-536602/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hermann M., Pentek T., Otto B. Design principles for Industrie 4.0 scenarios: A literature review. Dortmund, Germany: Technische Universitat Dortmund, 2015. 16 p. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29269.22248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hermann M., Pentek T., Otto B. Design principles for Industrie 4.0 scenarios: A literature review. Dortmund, Germany: Technische Universitat Dortmund, 2015. 16 p. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.29269.22248</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grieves M., Vickers J. Digital Twin: Mitigating Unpredictable, Undesirable Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems (Excerpt). 2016. 7 p. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26367.61609</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grieves M., Vickers J. Digital Twin: Mitigating unpredictable, undesirable emergent behavior in complex systems (excerpt). 2016. 7 p. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26367.61609</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grieves M. Digital Twin: Manufacturing excellence through virtual factory replication. 2015. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275211047_Digital_Twin_Manufacturing_Excellence_through_Virtual_Factory_Replication</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grieves M. Digital Twin: Manufacturing excellence through virtual factory replication. 2015. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275211047_Digital_Twin_Manufacturing_Excellence_through_Virtual_Factory_Replication</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brettel M., Friederichsen N., Keller M., Rosenberg M. How virtualization, decentralization and network building change the manufacturing landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective // International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering. 2014. Vol. 8, № 1. P. 37–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336426</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brettel M., Friederichsen N., Keller M., Rosenberg M. How virtualization, decentralization and network building change the manufacturing landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective. International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering. 2014;8(1):37–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1336426</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юдина М. А. Индустрия 4.0: Перспективы и вызовы для общества // Государственное управление. Электронный вестник. 2017. № 60. С. 197–215.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudina M. A. Industry 4.0: Opportunities and Challenges. E-journal public administration. 2017;60:197–215. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подвойский Г. Л. Роль новых технологий в экономике XXI века // Мир новой экономики. 2016. № 4. С. 6–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Podvoisky G. L. Role of new technologies in economy of the 21st century. The world of new economy. 2016;(4):6–15. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ястреб Н. А. Индустрия 4.0: Киберфизические системы и интернет вещей // Человек в технической среде: сборник научных статей. Вологда: Вологодский государственный университет, 2015. С. 136–141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jastreb N. A. Industry 4.0: Cyber-physical systems and the internet of things. In: Man in the technical environment: a collection of scientific articles. Vologda: Vologda State University; 2015. p. 136–141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берновский Ю. Н. Основные методы идентификации объектов // Стандарты и качество. 2000. [сайт]. URL: https://ria-stk.ru/stq/adetail.php?ID=5817</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bernovskij Ju. N. Basic methods of object identification. Standards and Quality. Available from: https://ria-stk.ru/stq/adetail.php?ID=5817</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванов Р. Н., Попов А. А. Постановка задачи путей интеграции современных облачных сервисов с концепцией цифровиза- ции и Индустрии 4.0 // Мир измерений. 2020. № 3. С. 36–41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov R. N., Popov A. A. Setting tasks for the integration of modern cloud services with the digitization concept and industry 4.0. Mir izmerenij. 2020;3:36–41. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kahneman D., Tversky A. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk // Econometrica. 1979. Vol 47. № 2. P. 263–291. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803475.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kahneman D., Tversky A. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk // Econometrica. 1979. Vol 47. № 2. P. 263–291. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803475.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
