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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rmjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Эталоны. Стандартные  образцы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Measurement Standards. Reference Materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-0886</issn><publisher><publisher-name>D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20915/2077-1177-2022-18-2-35-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rmjournal-352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Стандартные образцы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reference materials</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка методик измерений для характеризации стандартных образцов углеводного состава молочных продуктов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of Measurement Procedures for the Characterization of Reference Materials for Carbohydrate Composition of Dairy Products</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-7744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голынец</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golynets</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ученый хранитель ГВЭТ 176-1, и. о. заведующего лабораторией метрологии влагометрии и стандартных образцов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Scientific Custodian of the GVET 176–1, Acting Head of the Laboratory for Metrological Support of Moisture Measurement and Reference Materials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lab241@uniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-2633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. хим. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метрологии влагометрии и стандартных образцов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory for Metrological Support of Moisture Measurement and Reference Materials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergeevaas@uniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крашенинина</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasheninina</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, ученый хранитель ГЭТ 173, ученый хранитель ГВЭТ 208-1, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метрологии влагометрии и стандартных образцов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assistant Scientific Custodian of the GET 173, Scientific Custodian of the GVET 208-1, Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Metrological Support of Moisture Measurement and Reference Materials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasheninina_m@uniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8008-1669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шохина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shokhina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>помощник ученого хранителя ГВЭТ 208–1, научный сотрудник лаборатории метрологии влагометрии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Custodian of the GVET 208-1, Researcher of the Laboratory for Metrological Support of Moisture Measurement and Reference Materials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shokhinaos@uniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УНИИМ – филиал ФГУП «ВНИИМ им. Д. И. Менделеева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>UNIIM – Affiliated Branch of the D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (UNIIM–VNIIM)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УНИИМ – филиала ФГУП «ВНИИМ им. Д. И. Менделеева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>UNIIM – Affiliated Branch of the D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (UNIIM–VNIIM)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голынец О.С., Сергеева А.С., Крашенинина М.П., Шохина О.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голынец О.С., Сергеева А.С., Крашенинина М.П., Шохина О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golynets O.S., Сергеева А.С., Krasheninina M.P., Shokhina O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/352">https://www.rmjournal.ru/jour/article/view/352</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья посвящена разработке методик измерений, использующих различные физико-химические методы для проведения всестороннего анализа углеводного состава пищевых систем. В основу первичной референтной методики измерений (ПРМИ) положен метод йодометрического титрования, основанный на способности йода в щелочной среде окислять альдосахара в соответствующие уроновые кислоты. Повышение точности ПРМИ достигнуто путем оптимизации параметров измерений, в том числе с привлечением метода высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с рефрактометрическим детектированием (ВЭЖХ/РМД), и установления их возможных пределом варьирования на основе многофакторного эксперимента. Применение ПРМИ позволило проводить измерения массовой доли углеводов (общего сахара) в виде суммы массовых долей редуцирующих и нередуцирующих сахаров в молоке и молочных продуктах, продукции зерно-молочной, продуктах низколактозных и безлактозных, в частности, в детском питании. С целью дальнейшей детализации углеводного состава разработаны высокоселективные методики измерений массовых долей лактозы и галактозы спектрофотометрическим (ферментативным) методом и массовых долей моно- и дисахаридов методом ВЭЖХ/РМД в молоке и молочных продуктах. Выявлено, что результаты измерений как суммарного содержания углеводов, так и отдельных моно- и дисахаридов в пробах молока и молочных продуктов, полученные различными методами (йодометрическое титрование, ВЭЖХ/РМД, ферментативный метод, рефрактометрия, ИК-спектроскопия, расчетный метод), согласуются между собой с учетом заявленных неопределенностей. Таким образом, подтверждена применимость разработанной ПРМИ в комплексе с другими методами для проведения углубленного анализа углеводного состава молока и молочных продуктов. Разработанные методики были использованы для характеризации стандартных образцов состава молочных продуктов (3 типа), моно- и дисахаридов (9 типов).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article studies the development of measurement procedures based on various methods for a comprehensive analysis of the carbohydrate composition of food systems. The basis of the primary reference measurement procedure (PRMP) is the method of iodometric titration based on the ability of iodine to oxidize aldosaccharides to the corresponding uronic acids in an alkaline medium. The accuracy of the PRMP was improved by optimizing the measurement parameters, including the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with refractometric detection (HPLC/RD), and by establishing their possible variation limit based on a multifactorial experiment. The application of the PRMP made it possible to measure the mass fraction of carbohydrates (total sugar) as the sum of the mass fractions of reducing and non-reducing sugars in milk and dairy products, grain and milk products, low-lactose and lactose-free products, including those used for preparing baby food. In order to further detail the carbohydrate composition, highly selective methods were developed for measuring the mass fractions of lactose and galactose by the spectrophotometric (enzymatic) method, and the mass fractions of mono- and disaccharides by the HPLC/RD method in milk and dairy products. It was found that the measurement results of both the total content of carbohydrates and individual mono- and disaccharides in the samples of milk and dairy products obtained by various methods (iodometric titration, HPLC/RD, enzymatic method, refractometry, IR spectroscopy, calculation method) are consistent with each other subject to the stated uncertainties. Thus, the applicability of the developed PRMP in combination with other methods for conducting an in-depth analysis of the carbohydrate composition of milk and dairy products was confirmed. The developed procedures were used to characterize reference materials for the composition of dairy products (3 types), mono- and disaccharides (9 types).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичная референтная методика измерений</kwd><kwd>стандартные образцы</kwd><kwd>молоко и молочные продукты</kwd><kwd>углеводы</kwd><kwd>редуцирующие сахара</kwd><kwd>нередуцирующие сахара</kwd><kwd>моносахариды</kwd><kwd>дисахариды</kwd><kwd>йодометрия</kwd><kwd>высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография</kwd><kwd>ферментативные методы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary reference measurement procedure</kwd><kwd>primary methods</kwd><kwd>reference materials</kwd><kwd>milk and dairy products</kwd><kwd>carbohydrates</kwd><kwd>reducing sugars</kwd><kwd>non-reducing sugars</kwd><kwd>monosaccharides</kwd><kwd>disaccharides</kwd><kwd>iodometry</kwd><kwd>high-performance liquid chromatography</kwd><kwd>enzymatic methods</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скурихин И. 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